English grammar

cheat sheets — the essentials on one page

• English grammar cheat sheet: the essentials on one page · level A1 — English grammar on one printable page: the 12 tenses, the verb to be, 20 common irregular verbs, pronouns, conditionals and in, on, at.

verbs and tenses

• English tenses table: all 12 tenses with formulas and examples · level A1 — All 12 English tenses in one table: the formula, when to use each, examples and signal words, plus the negative and the question of every tense.
• English irregular verbs: 100 common verbs with all three forms · level A1 — 100 common English irregular verbs with base form, past simple and past participle (V1, V2, V3), A to Z and grouped by pattern.
• The verb to be: am, is, are, was, were · level A1 — The verb to be in the present and past: am, is, are, was, were — positive, negative and question forms with short forms (I'm, isn't, weren't).
• Present Simple vs Present Continuous · level A1 — Present Simple and Present Continuous side by side: formula, when to use each, signal words, and every person in positive, negative and question form.
• The Present Perfect, and Present Perfect vs Past Simple · level A2 — The Present Perfect in every person (have/has + V3), when to use it instead of the Past Simple, since vs for, and the Present Perfect Continuous.
• The future in English: will, going to and the present tenses · level A1 — Every way English talks about the future — will, be going to, Present Continuous, Present Simple, future continuous and perfect — with examples.
• English conditionals: zero, first, second and third · level A2 — The four English conditionals in one table — the tense in each clause and when to use it — plus mixed conditionals, unless and wish.
• The passive voice in every English tense · level B1 — The English passive in every tense — is built, was built, has been built, will be built — with the formula for each, by + agent and get-passive.
• English modal verbs: can, could, may, might, must, should · level A1 — English modal verbs in one table — can, could, may, might, must, have to, should, ought to — what each means, with examples, deduction and past forms.

pronouns, articles, prepositions and comparisons

• English pronouns: subject, object, possessive and reflexive · level A1 — All English personal pronouns in one chart: I/me/my/mine/myself through they/them/their/theirs/themselves, with the rules for each set.
• English articles: a, an, the or no article · level A1 — When to use a, an, the or no article in English: the main rules in one table with examples, plus a or an, the with rivers, and go to school.
• In, on, at: prepositions of time and place · level A1 — In, on and at for time (at 6, on Monday, in July) and place (at the door, on the table, in the room) in two tables, plus in a car vs on a bus.
• Comparative and superlative adjectives in English · level A1 — Comparative and superlative adjectives: -er/-est or more/most, the spelling changes and the irregulars good, bad, far, little, much — in one chart.

practise and prepare

• Learn English online
• IELTS Academic exam guide
• TOEFL iBT exam guide

questions

Where should I start with English grammar?

With the cheat sheet: the twelve tenses on one verb, the verb to be, twenty common irregular verbs, the pronouns, the conditionals and in, on, at, all on one page. Then open the chart for what you are stuck on — the tenses table, the irregular verbs or the conditionals.

Is this British or American English?

Both. The forms on these charts are standard in British and American English alike, and the charts note the main differences: learnt is chiefly British and gotten American; at the weekend is British and on the weekend American. The rule texts use British spelling (apologise, behaviour).

Are these English grammar tables free?

Yes. Every chart is free to read without an account. Print a page, or save the pictures of its tables: you may share and adapt them under CC BY 4.0, with a credit and a link to wspell.